A sex chromosome found in humans, fruit flies, and certain other animals where the male is the heterogametic sex. The Y chromosome causes the individual to become male in most mammal species and carries few other genes besides those dictating sperm development and triggering appropriate hormonal output. It is part of the XY set of sex chromosomes, where the male has only one X chromosome and usually a Y chromosome (fruit fly males can also have just one X and nothing else), and the female has two X chromosomes.
2. Y-suppressed lethal gene
Definition:
In the fruit fly Drosophila, this is a recessive, lethal gene that kills XO flies but not normal XY male flies.
3. yaws
Author: Guo Li
Definition:
Yaws is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium related to syphilis, although yaws is not sexually transmitted. It is characterized by lesions on the skin, mucous membranes and bone.
4. yearling
Author:
Definition:
A 1-year-old individual in its second year of life.
5. yeast
Definition:
Any of many small, single-celled fungi in the phylum Ascomycota that reproduce by budding; the yeasts used to produce alcohol through fermentation or to leaven bread are all in the genus Saccharomyces.
6. yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)
Definition:
A vector used to clone DNA fragments (up to 400 kb); it is constructed from the telomeric, centromeric, and replication origin sequences needed for replication in yeast cells. Compare cloning vector, cosmid.
7. yeast autolysate
Definition:
This substance is used as a culture medium and a food flavoring; it is made by breaking down yeast with intracellular enzymes.
8. yeast vectors
Definition:
9. yellow fat cell
Definition:
10. yellow fever
Author: Guo Li
Definition:
Yellow fever is an infectious disease caused by a virus and transmitted by mosquitoes between humans. It is characterized by severe headache, aching in the legs, hypotension and jaundice. Treatment is supportive (treats symptoms rather than curing the infection), but prevention by vaccination is highly effective.
11. yellow fever virus
Definition:
A virus in the genus Flaviviridae which is transmitted by mosquitos and causes fatal hepatitis in many primates, including humans. This virus is endemic to areas of Africa, South America and the Carribean and has been a major epidemic threat.
12. Yersinina pestis (bubonic plague)
Definition:
Yersinina pestis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, faculatively anaerobic bacterial species in the family Enterobacteriaceae. It causes bubonic plaque, which is transmitted by rodent fleas.
Historically known as the "Black Plague", this disease devastated Europe and Asia in the 1300s. It still exists today, and is characterized by sudden high fever, chills, excessively swollen and tender lymph nodes (buboes), followed by tissue bleeding and gangrene. Other complications include pneumonia and septicemia.
13. yield
Author: Mirrored from
Dave Sutton's Aquatic Plant
Glossary
Definition:
Standing crop expressed as a rate, i.e., grams dry weight per meter square per day.
14. yield
Author:
Definition:
The total water run-out includes run-off plus underflow. Also, often used to enumerate the planned or actual volume of water stored within a reservoir which may be released on demand. Expressed in acre feet per year.
15. YM-shift
Author: Mirrored from
Tsute Chen's
Glossary of Microbiology
Definition:
The change in shape by dimorphic fungi when they shift from the yeast (Y) form in the animal body to the mold or mycelial form (M) in the environment.
END